One of the great episodes of The Simpsons follows Homer as he
comes to realize that not all Springfield citizens are treated
equally.
The difference, Homer eventually discovers, is membership in a
secret society known as the Stonecutters. Once on the inside, Homer
is delighted to find his new affiliation subjects him to an
enviable set of alternate rules.
Obviously, this is parody, but it succeeds because it’s
based on a truth to which we can all relate: the belief that status
bestows disproportionate advantage upon a privileged few – up
to and including license to engage in illegal behavior.
Homer and the Stonecutters immediately came to mind
upon learning that, from 2005 through 2009, Deutsche Bank
(NYSE:DB) selectively disabled a system intended to block
customers’ short sale orders when placed without valid
locates, while the Fidelity-affiliated National Financial
Securities (NFS) achieved the same end by creating an entirely
separate system for certain customers disinterested in compliance
with the rules governing how the rest of us can trade.
Shorting shares that have neither been borrowed nor, at a
minimum, located for eventual borrowing, is an illegal and
manipulative practice and the essence of naked short selling; and
yet, Deutsche Bank and NFS decided certain customers were entitled
to do it.
Back in 2006, small-time hedge fund manager Jeff Matthews
announced he doubted naked shorting was possible because he
didn’t know how to do it. In reality, the thing Matthews
didn’t know (possibly to his credit) was the secret knock
used to gain entrance to the mega-hedge fund speakeasy, where the
real debauchery goes on.
Why should Matthews and others be excluded?
The better question is: why should anybody be included? I
suspect the clients allowed to violate the law in this way also
happened to be the ones paying Deutsche Bank and NFS the most in
commissions. But this isn’t like a hotel claiming it’s
full while holding a suite in reserve for someone more important
than you, or NBA refs not calling traveling on the players
everybody’s really paying to watch. Instead, when these two
banks enabled such manipulative trading, they were silently
transferring wealth from the masses into the accounts of the
privileged few.
This is true of both long buyers and short sellers, for the
longs saw their investments devalued by the naked shorting of
stocks in their portfolios, while the shorts were forced to pay
high premiums for hard-to-borrow stocks even as others were
exempted from such inconvenient market forces as supply and demand.
This happened across the market, but those who should be
particularly bothered are the many Deutsche Bank and NFS account
holders whose brokerages acted contrary to their best
interests.
In fact, they ought to sue, in my opinion, to say nothing of
what the Department of Justice ought to be doing about it.
Exactly how much did these years of market manipulation extract
from investors? That’s impossible to know, however what I can
say without doubt that it exceeds the combined $925,000 fine
imposed by FINRA.
Judd Bagley is a reporter
for Deep
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